Mineral
Identification
What you’ll
learn
- Describe physical properties used to identify minerals.
- Identify minerals using physical properties such as hardness and streak.
Physical
Properties
- Mineral appearance
- Hardness
- Luster
- Specific gravity
- Streak
- Cleavage and fracture
Mineral
appearance
- How it looks like
- What color is it?
- Which one of the following is gold? Identify by appearance.
Hardness
A measure of how easily a mineral can be scratched
Properties of Minerals
Luster
The way a
mineral reflects a light luster.
Either metallic
or nonmetallic
Specific
Gravity
The specific
gravity of a mineral is the ration of its weight compared with the
weight of an equal volume of water.
Gold has specific
gravity of 19
It means gold is 19
times heavier than water.
Specific
gravity
Streak
When a mineral is rubbed across a piece of porcelain tile a
streak of powdered mineral is left behind.
Cleavage
- Cleavage is the way that mineral breaks.
- Minerals that break along smooth, flat surfaces have cleavage.
- Mica has cleavage
and Fracture!...
- Mineral that breaks uneven, rough, or jagged surfaces have fracture.
- Quartz has fracture
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